Phosphate ion sensor fabrication based on conductive polymer polypyrrole film coatings in doped phosphate using thick film technology

Nofriyani Nofriyani, Robeth Viktoria Manurung, Aminuddin Debataraja, Indra Dwisaputra

Abstract

This study describes the development of chemical sensors to detect polypyrrole (PPy) based phosphate sensors in doped di-ammonium hydrogen phosphate (DAP) with thick film technology (TFT). Manufacturing screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) with thick film uses alumina substrate provided a more portable, miniature, inexpensive, and reduced use of samples and reagents. Polymer polypyrrole and di-ammonium hydrogen phosphate as sensitive membranes are electrodeposition on carbon electrodes. Characterization has been conducted to see the electrode morphology in scanning electron microscopy (SEM) test, which showed that sensitive material particles were distributed evenly on the surface of the sample and spherical. The energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) experiment results showed the atomic composition respectively carbon 86.95 %, nitrogen 6.94 %, oxygen 5.9 %, and phosphate 0.21 %, which were exposed to the electrode. The performance test of electrodes with a phosphate standard solution has proceeded at a concentration between 5 to 100 mg/l, which is measured using the galvanostatic method. The voltage range was from 0.252 to 0.957 V with R2 at approximately 90.265 %. The results of sensor performance were concluded that the electrode was able to detect phosphate ions.




Keywords


carbon electrode; electropolimerization; phosphate; polymer polypyrrole; thick film.

Full Text:

PDF


References


V. I. Adamchuk, J. W. Hummel, M. T. Morgan, and S. K. Upadhyaya, “On-the-go soil sensors for precision agriculture,” Comput. Electron. Agric., vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 71–91, Jul. 2004.

L. Tymecki, S. Glab, and R. Koncki, “Miniaturized, Planar Ion-selective Electrodes Fabricated by Means of Thick-film Technology,” Sensors, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 390–396, Apr. 2006.

D. Pathania, M. Thakur, G. Sharma, and A. K. Mishra, “Tin (IV) phosphate/poly(gelatin-cl-alginate) nanocomposite: Photoca-talysis and fabrication of potentiometric sensor forPb (II),” Mater. Today Commun., vol. 14, no. November 2017, pp. 282–293, Mar. 2018.

D. Talarico, S. Cinti, F. Arduini, A. Amine, D. Moscone, and G. Palleschi, “Phosphate Detection through a Cost-Effective Carbon Black Nanoparticle-Modified Screen-Printed Electrode Embedded in a Continuous Flow System,” Environ. Sci. Technol., vol. 49, no. 13, pp. 7934–7939, Jul. 2015.

S. Cinti, D. Talarico, G. Palleschi, D. Moscone, and F. Arduini, “Analytica Chimica Acta Novel reagentless paper-based screen-printed electrochemical sensor to detect phosphate,” Anal. Chim. Acta, vol. 919, pp. 78–84, 2016.

D. Talarico, F. Arduini, A. Amine, D. Moscone, and G. Palleschi, “Screen-printed electrode modified with carbon black nanoparticles for phosphate detection by measuring the electroactive phosphomolybdate complex,” Talanta, vol. 141, pp. 267–272, Aug. 2015.

S. Shahrokhian and E. Asadian, “Electrochemical determination of l-dopa in the presence of ascorbic acid on the surface of the glassy carbon electrode modified by a bilayer of multi-walled carbon nanotube and poly-pyrrole doped with tiron,” J. Electroanal. Chem., vol. 636, no. 1–2, pp. 40–46, Nov. 2009.

K. Xu, Y. Kitazumi, K. Kano, and O. Shirai, “Phosphate ion sensor using a cobalt phosphate coated cobalt electrode,” Electrochim. Acta, vol. 282, pp. 242–246, Aug. 2018.

M. Boota, B. Anasori, C. Voigt, M. Zhao, M. W. Barsoum, and Y. Gogotsi, “Pseudocapacitive Electrodes Produced by Oxidant-Free Polymerization of Pyrrole between the Layers of 2D Titanium Carbide (MXene),” Adv. Mater., vol. 28, no. 7, pp. 1517–1522, Feb. 2016.

U. Baig, R. A. K. Rao, A. A. Khan, M. M. Sanagi, and M. A. Gondal, “Removal of carcinogenic hexavalent chromium from aqueous solutions using newly synthesized and characterized polypyrrole–titanium(IV)phosphate nanocomposite,” Chem. Eng. J., vol. 280, no. Iv, pp. 494–504, Nov. 2015.

Xiaochen Wang, J. Church, Woo Hyoung Lee, and H. J. Cho, “Phosphate sensors based on Co-Cu electrodes fabricated with a sacrificial glass fiber paper template,” in 2015 IEEE SENSORS, Nov. 2015, pp. 1–4.

W. Zhou, R. Apkarian, Z. L. Wang, and D. Joy, “Fundamentals of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM),” in Scanning Microscopy for Nanotechnology, New York, NY: Springer New York, 2006, pp. 1–40.

R. V. Manurung, T. M. S. Soegandhi, and Hiskia, “Electropolymerization of Pyrrole in Aqueous Solution on Carbon Electrodes for Ion Sensor,” in Proc. of International Conference on Materials Engineering (ICME), 2010, no. November 2010, pp. 0–3.

M. F. Kabir, M. T. Rahman, A. Gurung, and Q. Qiao, “Electrochemical Phosphate Sensors Using Silver Nanowires Treated Screen Printed Electrodes,” IEEE Sens. J., vol. 18, no. 9, pp. 3480–3485, May 2018.

S. Berchmans, R. Karthikeyan, S. Gupta, G. E. J. Poinern, T. B. Issa, and P. Singh, “Glassy carbon electrode modified with hybrid films containing inorganic molybdate anions trapped in organic matrices of chitosan and ionic liquid for the amperometric sensing of phosphate at neutral pH,” Sensors Actuators B Chem., vol. 160, no. 1, pp. 1224–1231, Dec. 2011.


Article Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Metrics powered by PLOS ALM

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Mechatronics, Electrical Power, and Vehicular Technology

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.